|
|
Criminal recidivism prevention and Three-strikes principle
Knapčoková, Jana ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Criminal recidivism prevention and Three-strikes principle Abstract Significant number of crimes and prisoners are repeat offenders in Czech Republic. Therefore, prevention of recidivism is an important element of penal policy. Although the trend is to focus on more restorative justice and rehabilitation of the offender, there are still calls for more repressive sanctions for repeat offenders which embodies the catchy Three-strikes you're out laws. Three-strikes laws come from Anglo-Saxon criminal justice system and essentially on their basis the justice system can impose more repressive sanctions, usually life imprisonment. These laws are part of penal populism. The goal of this thesis is an analysis of recidivism prevention measures in Czech Republic, the effect of imprisonment on repeat offenders and the state of Czech prison system. Empirical part of the thesis deals with implementation of the Three-strikes you're out principle into Czech penal policy or rather more repressive sanctions for Czech repeat offenders. The analysis is based on key areas. Despite Czech criminal law referencing restorative justice the practise of this concept still faces some serious issues. The full potential of restorative justice in Czech criminal law is being complicated by insufficient technical backing (electronic...
|
|
|
Punishment of Recividism
Kopačka, Adam ; Heranová, Simona (advisor) ; Mulák, Jiří (referee)
Punishment of Recividism Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the topic of criminal recidivism which is a global problem, the solution of which should be one of the goals of the state's criminal justice system and at the same time it is a measure of its success rate. The frequency of recidivism to some extent reflects the effectiveness of criminal sanctions, the effectiveness of their enforcement, but also social influences such as the demographic distribution of the population or social inequality. Recidivism is a problem that cannot be definitively solved but it is possible to approach the ideal of its punishment, and thus the effective fight against repeated offenses by recidivizing criminals. Recidivism can be viewed from the perspective of many scientific disciplines. This work aims to describe recidivism in the eyes of criminal law. It depicts the legal instruments that serve to punish recidivists more severely, the conditions of their application and their impact on the type and amount of punishment. Although the aim of the thesis is to map especially effective law, recidivism is also approached in its historical context as this aspect is key to understanding older case law. The domestic legislation is also partially compared with foreign legislation which can be a useful inspiration for...
|
|
|
Criminological aspects of crime recidivism
Oliberiusová, Jitka ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (advisor) ; Marešová, Alena (referee)
The issue of criminal recidivism represents a significant social problem. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the problematics of criminal recidivism, gather available information related to this topic, evaluate current measures used to counter recidivism and propose possible ways of increasing their efficiency The thesis consists of five main chapters, which are divided into smaller subchapters. Chapters are focused on different aspects of criminal recidivism. The initial foreword is followed by the first chapter, which is focused on different perceptions of the term "recidivism". Subchapter describes dealing with recidivism in terms of its recourse (nebo sanctioning) within the Czech legal system. The second chapter reflects the current state of recidivism in the Czech Republic. It shows that the statistics concerning recidivism within the whole concept of criminality differ in judicial, police and prison statistics according to different perceptions of this term. The third chapter summarizes the causes of criminal activity. It is divided into two subchapters. The first part looks at the "outer"causes of recidivism. As a specific cause it refers to imprisonment, which is analyzed to higher extent. The second part presents the recidivist's personality and its role in committing illegal...
|
|
|
Prevention of recidivism
Oliberiusová, Jitka ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The criminal recidivism is a serious social problem. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the existing means used to suppress recidivism, their evaluation and to propose how to make them more effective. The thesis consists of four main chapters, which are divided into subsections. Chapters deal with the introduction of recidivism and crime prevention and also with the various measures that serve to prevent recidivist crime. After the introduction follows the chapter introducing the concept of recidivism. This chapter outlines also the differences in conceptions of this concept and introduces different kinds of recidivism based on their different conceptions. This chapter also shows how recidivism is conceived and repressed in Czech law. The second chapter deals with crime prevention in general and with its impacts on preventing recidivist criminal activity with respect to the specific causes of recidivism. This chapter also explains the differences between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and also introduces the possible preventive activities. The third chapter presents various possible criminal sanctions and their possible alternatives. The first subchapter is dedicated to imprisonment and activities that are made within it for subsequent elimination of recidivist activity. Furthermore...
|
|
|
Criminological Aspects of Crime Recidivism
Urbánková, Petra ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Criminological Aspects of Crime Recidivism The Diploma Thesis Bc. Petra Urbánková Abstract The main goal of the Diploma Thesis "Criminological Aspects of Crime Recidivism" is analysing recidivism, which is considered to be one of the most important criminal factors. We can analyse recidivism based on the criminal law, penology, criminal statistics and mainly criminology. The Criminological aspect is the widest one, because it focuses on the all crimes committed by the offender, not only those crimes which were investigated by Police or the prosecutors. We will also theoretically describe all statistic sources where the recidivism has been recorded, but mainly we will analyse practically the statistical data of The Prison Service of the Czech Republic and the data of the Police of the Czech Republic where we could find out the actual rate of recidivism in the Czech Republic. The data of the Prison Service contain mainly the offenders which are imprisoned repeatedly for more than once. The data of Police are focused on type of crimes which have the highest rate of recidivism and whose are committed repeatedly by the offenders. This thesis also tries to analyse recidivism based on the historical development of the Czech legislation on recidivism starting since 1918 till nowadays. This thesis also tries to...
|
|
|
Criminological aspects of crime recidivism
Lelková, Helena ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Criminological aspects of criminal recidivism The topic of this thesis are the criminological aspects of criminal recidivism and goal is to present a complete outline of some of the basic ideas related to the concept of criminal recidivism and to introduce the reader to its selected criminological aspects. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The introductory chapter is focused on the concept of criminal recidivism itself, and similarly defines the various concepts with emphasis on the legal aspects. The basis of this chapter is the effort to achieve a more detailed description of the various forms in the Penal Code of 1961 and also in modifying de lege lata. The second chapter deals with personality of recidivist offender from the perspective of selected typologies and two fundamental questions are considered, namely whether and how recidivist offender differs from non-recidivist offender and whether the offender is commonly distinguished from individuals who are respecting the law. Third chapter focuses on the concept of criminal careers with an emphasis on the personal typology of the offender in terms of the intensity of criminal behavior. Furthermore there are presented selected criminological theories influenced by the paradigm of a criminal career. In the final chapter of the thesis is...
|
|
|
Prevention of recidivism
Oliberiusová, Jitka ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The criminal recidivism is a serious social problem. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the existing means used to suppress recidivism, their evaluation and to propose how to make them more effective. The thesis consists of four main chapters, which are divided into subsections. Chapters deal with the introduction of recidivism and crime prevention and also with the various measures that serve to prevent recidivist crime. After the introduction follows the chapter introducing the concept of recidivism. This chapter outlines also the differences in conceptions of this concept and introduces different kinds of recidivism based on their different conceptions. This chapter also shows how recidivism is conceived and repressed in Czech law. The second chapter deals with crime prevention in general and with its impacts on preventing recidivist criminal activity with respect to the specific causes of recidivism. This chapter also explains the differences between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and also introduces the possible preventive activities. The third chapter presents various possible criminal sanctions and their possible alternatives. The first subchapter is dedicated to imprisonment and activities that are made within it for subsequent elimination of recidivist activity. Furthermore...
|
|
|
Possibilities of reduction of a risk of reoffending via probation activities
Nesvačilová, Iva ; Matoušková, Andrea (advisor) ; Pěnkava, Pavel (referee)
An Abstract The dissertation is devoted to criminal recidivism terms of probation officers who work daily with offenders, who were imposed an alternative punishment. The theoretical part is focused on explanation of restorative and retributive justice and probation and mediation service in the Czech Republic but also in England and Germany. Furthermore, the theoretical part includes a description of the factors that influence the criminal behavior of the offender with an emphasis on social - cultural factors. In the last part of the theoretical work is defined criminal recidivism itself, its basic layout, types, and also statistics of recidivism in the Czech Republic and penitentiary and post-penitentiary care. The practical part contains qualitative research made with the help of interviews with probation officers. The aim of the research part of the thesis is to find out what Probation and Mediation Service employees themselves think about the possibilities of reducing recidivism through probation work with criminals and also what is the probation employees opinion of the actual criminal recidivism.
|
|
|
Education and employment of people within penitenciary and postpenitenciary care
Sršňová, Pavla ; Šnýdrová, Ivana (advisor) ; Gruber, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide the reader with the insight into penitentiary and post-penitentiary care. It tries to describe the period of custodial sentence with its possible impacts on the sentenced person and the society. It puts a special emphasis on the purpose of custodial sentence which is a successful reintegration of prisoners back into the community and mitigation of the risk of their relapse. The importance of education and employment is stressed in this context and also within the programs for convicts and within post-penitentiary care. The thesis also describes specific groups of people that tend to appear in prisons and methods employed for their care. A special emphasis is put on individual approach to prisoners. The current trend of alternative sentencing is also mentioned. The thesis paints an overall picture of the contemporary conditions of the Czech prison service, including the possibilities of education and work activities in selected prisons. For these purposes the following sources are used - scientific literature, laws and regulations of the Czech Ministry of Justice and current statistics of the Czech Prison Service. In the conclusion there is an overview of suggestions for scientific work in some areas that deserve attention due to the long term effort of...
|
|
|
Criminological aspects of crime recidivism
Oliberiusová, Jitka ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (advisor) ; Marešová, Alena (referee)
The issue of criminal recidivism represents a significant social problem. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the problematics of criminal recidivism, gather available information related to this topic, evaluate current measures used to counter recidivism and propose possible ways of increasing their efficiency The thesis consists of five main chapters, which are divided into smaller subchapters. Chapters are focused on different aspects of criminal recidivism. The initial foreword is followed by the first chapter, which is focused on different perceptions of the term "recidivism". Subchapter describes dealing with recidivism in terms of its recourse (nebo sanctioning) within the Czech legal system. The second chapter reflects the current state of recidivism in the Czech Republic. It shows that the statistics concerning recidivism within the whole concept of criminality differ in judicial, police and prison statistics according to different perceptions of this term. The third chapter summarizes the causes of criminal activity. It is divided into two subchapters. The first part looks at the "outer"causes of recidivism. As a specific cause it refers to imprisonment, which is analyzed to higher extent. The second part presents the recidivist's personality and its role in committing illegal...
|
guest ::
